These lessons continue the first sentence-builder block. They assume you have met basic topics with は, objects with を, destinations and action places with に／で, noun links with の, and simple uses of と／も. Review those foundations in the worked guide for Grammar Lessons 1-5, then study the patterns and examples here before using the guided checks in the app.
Open your current guided grammar lesson
How To Use This Guide
- Read the rule first.
Learn what the pattern does before trying to build or translate a sentence.
- Study all three examples.
Read the Japanese, use the romaji for support, and confirm the plain English meaning.
- Notice the boundary.
Each lesson deliberately teaches one small use. Do not turn a beginner pattern into a rule for every situation.
- Practice until the lesson clears.
Missed checks return before the lesson finishes. Progress stays in this browser and can be included in a local backup.
Lesson 6: Things And People That Are There
Use が with あります for non-living things. Use が with います for people and animals.
みずがあります。
Romaji: Mizu ga arimasu.
Meaning: There is water.
ともだちがいます。
Romaji: Tomodachi ga imasu.
Meaning: There is a friend.
でんわがあります。
Romaji: Denwa ga arimasu.
Meaning: There is a telephone.
Common beginner mistake
Do not use います for an object just because it is important. A telephone and water are non-living, so these examples use あります. A friend is a person, so that example uses います.
Lesson 7: Locations And Positions
Use に with あります／います to identify where something or someone is. Position words connect to a reference noun with の: かばんのなか means inside the bag.
ほんはかばんのなかにあります。
Romaji: Hon wa kaban no naka ni arimasu.
Meaning: The book is inside the bag.
でんわはかばんのうえにあります。
Romaji: Denwa wa kaban no ue ni arimasu.
Meaning: The telephone is on the bag.
ともだちはえきにいます。
Romaji: Tomodachi wa eki ni imasu.
Meaning: The friend is at the station.
Common beginner mistake
Do not automatically use で for every place. Earlier, で marked where an action happened. Here, に marks the location where a thing or person exists.
Lesson 8: Asking Where, What, And Who
Use どこ for where, なに for what, and だれ for who. Keep the question word where its answer would normally appear, then finish the polite question with か.
えきはどこですか。
Romaji: Eki wa doko desu ka.
Meaning: Where is the station?
なにをかいますか。
Romaji: Nani o kaimasu ka.
Meaning: What will you buy?
だれがいますか。
Romaji: Dare ga imasu ka.
Meaning: Who is there?
Common beginner mistake
Do not force English question order onto the Japanese sentence. The particle still shows the question word's job: なにを asks what receives the action, while だれが asks who exists.
Lesson 9: Polite Negative Sentences
Use じゃありません for the polite negative of a noun sentence. In these action examples, the polite verb ends in ません. This lesson does not teach past tense or a complete verb-conjugation system.
これはほんじゃありません。
Romaji: Kore wa hon ja arimasen.
Meaning: This is not a book.
パンをかいません。
Romaji: Pan o kaimasen.
Meaning: I do not buy bread.
にほんごをはなしません。
Romaji: Nihongo o hanashimasen.
Meaning: I do not speak Japanese.
Common beginner mistake
Do not attach じゃありません to every kind of sentence. Learn the complete beginner chunks shown here: a noun plus じゃありません, or the specific polite action form ending in ません.
Lesson 10: Simple Item Requests
Use an item noun with をください to make a simple polite request for that thing.
みずをください。
Romaji: Mizu o kudasai.
Meaning: Water, please.
パンをください。
Romaji: Pan o kudasai.
Meaning: Bread, please.
きっぷをください。
Romaji: Kippu o kudasai.
Meaning: A ticket, please.
Common beginner mistake
This is an item-request pattern, not a rule for turning every verb into a request. Keep the first use narrow: name the thing, add を, and finish with ください.
A Finite Five-Session Routine
- Session 1: Lesson 6.
Sort people from things, explain the difference between あります and います, then clear the lesson checks.
- Session 2: Lesson 7.
Find the reference noun, position word, and location marker before completing the checks.
- Session 3: Lesson 8.
Match どこ／なに／だれ to where, what, and who, then notice the particle after each question word.
- Session 4: Lesson 9.
Separate noun negatives from action negatives and practice only the forms taught in the examples.
- Session 5: Lesson 10 and review.
Practice three item requests, finish the lesson checks, and revisit any check that returned after a miss.
One lesson is enough for one sitting. If a lesson remains incomplete, resume it instead of opening another pattern. The app keeps the sequence finite and saves guided grammar progress in this browser.
What This Block Does Not Claim
These five lessons are beginner learning aids. They do not cover every use of が, every location expression, every question form, the full Japanese negative system, or every kind of request. Japan Ready Coach is not an official JLPT product and does not guarantee complete N5 alignment.
When you are ready, open the guided grammar area. The app will return you to the first lesson that is available and unfinished, so earlier foundations remain part of the path.